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There are 4 stages to a migraine headache:
PRODROMAL STAGE: about 24-48 hours before the attack, the symptoms commonly reported were yawning (34%), mood change, lethargy, neck symptoms, restlessness, difficulties in focusing vision, feeling cold, sweating, excess energy, thirst, edema and sensitivity to light and sound. The patients usually realise an oncoming attack, when these symptoms appear.
AURA: this stage can occur a few hours before or during the headache. There can be motor (paralysis, rhythmic movements), sensory (tingling, numbness of limbs) and visual (scintillating scotoma- spots of black vision surrounded by zigzag edge, bright lines, decreased or loss of vision).
HEADACHE: often unilateral headache of throbbing nature associated with sensitivity to light, sound, touch, nausea, vomiting, watery eyes, running nose. Patients usually asks for a dark, silent room to sleep in. This stage may last from hours to days.
POSTDROME: the after effects of the migraine can be seen as dizziness, difficulty in concentration and weakness.
It a complex type of headache characterised by
There is a strong genetic component, but it is uncertain as to which loci or genes are involved in the pathogenesis.
The migraine episodes may be triggered by something, or sometimes with no known cause. Some of the triggers that patients have reported include:
Prevention
The criteria to be filled to be diagnosed as suffering from migraine includes,
Headache lasting for 4-72 hours for more than 6 months, is of throbbing or pulsating nature, unilaterally, asoociated with the symptoms of nausea, vomiting, photophobia, phonophoia, weakness
The types of migraines are:
Spigelia- left sided headache, worse from stooping, headache from morning to evening, facial pain along with headache
Gelsemium- dull, drowsy, blindness before headache; photophobia, phonophobia, better by urination
Sarsaparilla-right sided headache, sick headache from morning to night
Iris versicolor-sick headache of gastric and hepatic origin, begins with a blur before eye, followed by intense vomiting
Lachesis- lfet sided, thribing headache, pains better after periods, worse after sleep
Phosphorus-left sided headache , from emotions and mental exertion
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